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Phonotactic Rules

天邪弱 Lucifer Caelius DelicatusMay 3, 2024About 63 min

In the following discussion, the term “consonant-form” refers to either a single consonant or any contiguous grouping of two to six consonants. The term “vowel-form” refers to either a single vowel, a diphthong, or a disyllabic vowel conjunct (e.g., -o-). The term “liquid” refers to the consonants -l- and -r-, the term “semi-consonant” refers to -w- and -y-, the term “nasal” refers to -m-, -n-, and -ň-, the term “sibilant” refers to -s-, -z-, -š-, -ž-, -c-, -ż-, -č-, -j-, and -ç-. the term “affricate” or “sibilant affricate” refers to -c-, -ż-, -č-, and -j-, and the term “sibilant fricative” refers to -s-, -z-, -š-, and -ž-. The term “non-back fricative” means any fricative other than -x- or -h-. The term “homologous (consonants)” means that two consonant share the same place of articulation (e.g., apico-dental, lamino-velar, etc.) A form preceded by an asterisk means the form is prohibited/unacceptable. Readers should also be aware that these rules are not the same as those of Ithkuil (some combinations are more strictly constrained while others are more permissible).

Revisor’s Comment

The phonetic manifestations of foreign words and loanwords are not constrained by the phonotactic rules.

All the forms provided below are subject to evaluation. Kindly exercise patience and await the outcome.

1. General phonotactic constraints

  1. All syllables must contain a single vowel or a single diphthong. However, Bias Adjuncts are an exception to this rule, as they are exclusively comprised of consonants and are syllabic in their own right.
  2. Vowels or diphthongs are not permitted in word-initial position; all word-initial syllables must begin with a consonant. For words beginning with a glottal-stop followed by a vowel, the glottal-stop is not written, however it must still be pronounced.
  3. Any word-medial or word-final syllable may begin with a consonant-form or may begin with a single vowel only if the preceding syllable ends in a single vowel (not a diphthong). Diphthongs cannot immediately follow a vowel or another diphthong. (This is different from Ithkuil 2011, where forms such as -eai- are permitted).
  4. Disyllabic vowel conjuncts (e.g., ae, eo, ia, où) are permitted, but tri-syllabic vowel-conjuncts or greater are not.
  5. The glottal-stop occurs in word-initial position (where it is unwritten) followed by a vowel, as well as in syllable-initial position inter-vocalically (i.e., preceded by and followed by a vowel). It also occurs in syllable-final position if preceded by a vowel and followed by a consonant. It cannot be immediately preceded by another consonant in the same word. The glottal stop cannot occur in word-final position except in the unusual instance of monosyllabic parsing adjuncts of the form ’V’ where V is a single vowel (e.g., ’a’, ’o’, ’u’, etc.)
  6. If a word begins with h-, the preceding word cannot end with -h if it is in the same breath-group. The two words must either be separated by a pause, or a(n epenthetic) vowel must be added to the end of the first word.
  7. Geminated (doubled) consonants are permissible (except for the glottal-stop, -w-, and -y-), but a contiguous string of the same consonant repeated three or more times in a row is not permitted.

2. Prohibited consonantal conjuncts

Due to difficulty/awkwardness in pronunciation, or because they are too phonetically indistinguishable from other forms, the following general restrictions on consonantal forms apply, whether within the same syllable or across adjacent syllables. (NOTE: See Section 7 below as to when prohibited consonant forms occur at the boundaries of two adjacent words.)

NOTE

See Section 7 below as to when prohibited consonant forms occur at the boundaries of two adjacent words.

  1. No consonant can be immediately followed by a glottal-stop in the same word.
  2. The dental stops (t, d) cannot be immediately followed by any sibilant (s, z, š, ž, c, ż, č, j), as these would be homophonic with the various sibilant affricates (c, ż, č, j) or their geminated forms (cc, żż, čč, jj). Neither can the dental stops be followed by their fricative counterparts, as the stop portion of such a conjunct is too audibly indiscernible; thus, the following conjuncts are not permitted: *-tţ-, *-dţ-, *-tḑ-, *-dḑ-.
  3. The velar stops -k- and -g- cannot be followed by the velar/uvular fricative -x- nor by the velar nasal -ň-.
  4. Although some natural languages such as English allow voiceless-voiced pairings of homologous stops such as /kg/ in backgammon , /td/ as in letdown, or /pb/ as in clipboard 中的 /pb/, such combinations are not permitted in this language. The reversed. pattern of voiced-voiceless pairings (e.g., /gk/, /dt/, /bp/) is likewise prohibited. Non-homologous pairings are permitted, e.g., kd, pd, gp, tg, pg, dk.
  5. The same restriction on homologous voiced-voiceless (and voiceless-voiced) pairings applies to fricatives and to affricates. Thus conjunctions such as the following are prohibited: *fv, *vf, *ţḑ, *ḑţ, *cż, *żc, *čj, *jč. Note that pairings of non- homologous sibilant affricates are permitted if the first is alveolar and the second alveolo-palatal, e.g., cč, cj, żč, żj, but not the reverse, e.g., *čc, *jc, *čż, *jż.
  6. An alveolo-palatal sibilant fricative followed by an apico-alveolar affricate is not permitted, i.e., *šc, *šż, *žc, *žż.
  7. The sibilant fricative -s- cannot be followed by voiced affricate -ż-.
  8. Other than geminates, any conjunction of sibilant fricatives (s, z, š, ž) is prohibited, e.g., *sz, *žs, *šs, etc.
  9. Conjunction of a sibilant affricate followed by a sibilant fricative is prohibited, e.g., *čs, *cz, *żz, *čž, *żs, *js, *jz, *jš, etc.
  10. The voiceless palatal fricative -ç- cannot be preceded or followed by a a sibilant fricative (s, z, š, ž), nor preceded by a sibilant affricate (c, ż, č, j), nor followed by a voiced sibilant affricate (ż, j). Additionally, -ç- cannot be preceded or followed by -ļ- or -h-, and cannot be preceded by -x-.
  11. Conjunction of a nasal with an affricate of the same or similar place of articulation is prohibited, as these are too phonetically indistinguishable from nasals followed by the corresponding sibilant fricative. Thus, the following conjuncts are prohibited: *nc, *nč, *nż, *nj in that they are too phonetically similar to ns, nš, nz, nž.
  12. Similarly to the above, conjuncts of -m- followed by a bilabial stop plus a bilabial or interdental fricative or dental stop are prohibited, as they are too phonetically indistinguishable from the same conjunct without the medial stop, e.g., *mpf, *mbv, *mpţ, *mbḑ¸*mpt, *mbd (vs. mf, mv, mţ, mḑ, mt, md). The combination *ngḑ is likewise prohibited (but not nkţ).
  13. Again, similarly to the above, conjuncts of a nasal followed by a homologous stop plus sibilant are prohibited, as they are too phonetically indistinguishable from the same conjunct without the medial stop, e.g., *mps, *mbz, *nks [vs. ňs], *ngz [vs. ňz], *mpš, *mbž, *nkš [vs. ňš], *ngž [vs. ňž], etc.
  14. The nasal n- cannot be followed by the labial stops -p and -b, as they are too likely to assimilate to -mp- and -mb-.
  15. The combinations nf, and nv cannot be followed by a consonant; they must be followed by a vowel.
  16. The velar nasal -ň- cannot occur before velar -k-, -g-, or uvular -x-, since the dental nasal -n- already assimilates to velar [ŋ] before these three consonants. (Note that the combination ňř is permitted, since -n- does not assimilate to velar [ŋ] before -ř-.) Additionally, the velar nasal ň- cannot be followed by -y (as the resulting combination *ňy is phonetically too indistinguishable from ny).
  17. The velar/uvular fricative -x- cannot be followed by any sibilant fricative (s, z, š, ž), -ç-, -g-, -ļ-, -ň-, -y-, -h- or -ř-.
  18. The lateral fricative -ļ- cannot be preceded by a voiced stop nor by -h- or -ç-. It cannot be followed by any sibilant fricative nor by -h- or -ç-.
  19. As the final member of a consonant conjunct, -h- cannot be preceded by the lateral fricative -ļ- nor the velar/uvular fricative -x-, nor the palatal fricative -ç-.
  20. Neither -r- nor the fricative -h- can be followed by uvular approximant -ř-.
  21. The uvular approximant -ř- cannot be followed by -r-.
  22. In consonant conjuncts, the semiconsonants -w- and -y- can only appear as the last member of the conjunct and must be followed by a vowel-form. Syllables cannot end with w or y.
  23. The following combinations are considered phonetically awkward and are not permitted: -ḑs-, -ḑš-, -ḑz-, -ḑž-, and -nň-.
  24. Because the consonant forms -ç- and -hl- (pronounceable as -ļ-) figure so prominently in the language in terms of morphology, to avoid any confusion the geminated forms -çç- and -ļļ- are not permitted. The exception to this rule is the product of the word-initial prefix ç(ë) plus y-, çç-.

3. Permissible Word-Initial Consonant Forms

A word-initial consonant-form contains from one to four consonants, #C(C)(C)(C)-, and has the following structural rules (not including rules for geminated forms — see Sec. 6):

  1. Monoconsonantal Form #C-: Any single consonant, including the glottal-stop, is permissible in word-initial position except for ļ- (as it is phonetically indistinguishable from the allophonic pronunciation of word-initial hl-).
  2. Biconsonantal Form #CC-: Any stop other than the glottal stop (i.e., p, b, t, d, k, g) may be followed by any liquid or approximant (i.e., r, l, ř, w, y). The stops p, b, k, and g may be followed by a sibilant fricative of the same voicing (e.g., ps, gz, kš, bž, etc. but not *pz, *gs, *kž, bš, etc.). Stops may be followed by any non-sibilant fricative of the same voicing and a different place of articulation, e.g., pç, pf, bv, pţ, bḑ, pļ, px, tç, ph, tf, dv, tx, tļ, th, kç, kf, gv, kţ, gḑ, kh; exceptions to this rule are *kļ (which is phonetically too indistinguishable in normal speech from tļ), as well as any form which would violate the rules in Sec. 2 above. In word-initial position, bilabial and dental stops cannot be followed by a nasal, e.g., *pm, *bn, *pň, *tn, *dm, *tň, however velar stops may be followed my -m or -n, e.g., km, gn, etc. Additional rules for word- initial bi-consonantal conjuncts are as follows:
    1. A word-initial sibilant fricative (s, z, š, ž) may be followed by any other consonant of the same voicing, except another sibilant fricative, -ļ, or -h. Additionally, a sibilant fricative, whether voiced or voiceless, may be followed by any nasal, any liquid, any approximant, or -v.
    2. A word-initial sibilant affricate (c, ż, č, j) may be followed by any liquid, any nasal, -w-, or any stop consonant of the same voicing. It can also be followed by any non-sibilant fricative of the same voicing other than -ļ, and may also be followed by -v regardless of voicing. It cannot be followed by a sibilant fricative (s, z, š, ž) or another affricate or -y.
    3. Word-initial x- may be followed by -p, -t, -c, -č, -m, -n, -l, -r, or -w.
    4. Word-initial ç- may be followed by -p, -t, -c, -č, -k, -m, -n, -ň-, -l, -r, -ř-, or -w.
    5. Word-initial fricatives f, v, ţ, and ḑ may be followed by any liquid, approximant, or nasal. They may also be followed by any stop consonant or affricate of the same voicing.
    6. While -ļ- is not permitted as a single word-initial consonant, it is permissible as the initial member of a word-initial consonant conjunct. As such, it can only be followed by a voiceless stop, a voiceless affricate, a nasal, or -w or -y.
    7. Word-initial h- can be followed by liquids -l or -r, the nasals -m or -n, or by -w.
    8. Word-initial nasals m- and n- may be followed by a liquid (l, r) or an approximant (w, y, ř). The same rules apply to the velar nasal ň- except that it cannot be followed by -y- or -ř.
    9. Word-initial liquids l- and r- may be followed by the semiconsonants -w or -y.
  3. Triconsonantal Form #CCC-: In word-initial tri-consonantal conjuncts, a word-initial stop (other than t or d) may be followed by a sibilant fricative (s, z, š, ž) of the same voicing. The third consonant of such a conjunct may then be any consonant that can follow a sibilant fricative in a bi-consonantal conjunct per the rules above. Word-initial stops (including t or d) may also be followed by non-sibilant fricatives of the same voicing (excluding -x), in which case the third consonant of the conjunct is limited to whichever approximant(s) (-w or -y) is permitted to follow that fricative in a bi-consonantal conjunct per the rules above. Additional rules for word-initial tri-consonantal conjuncts are as follows:
    1. Word-initial stops followed by -l or -r- may be followed by -w or -y.
    2. Word-initial voiceless stops followed by -ç may be followed by -m or -n or -ň.
    3. Bi-consonantal conjuncts beginning with p- or k- followed by -f or -ţ may take a following -y or -w. The forms pļ-, and tļ- may be followed by -w or -y.
    4. Word-initial sibilant fricatives (s, z, š, ž) as well as ç- may be followed by any stop consonant of the same voicing, in which case the third consonant of the conjunct is limited to an approximant or a liquid. Word-initial sibilant fricatives and ç- may also be followed by any nasal, in which case the third consonant must be whichever semi-consonant(s) (-w or -y) is/are permitted to follow that nasal in a bi-consonantal conjunct per the rules above.
    5. Word-initial triconsonantal conjuncts beginning with h- are limited to hlw, hrw, hmw, hnw, hmy, hny, and the following forms containing geminates: hll, hrr, hmm, hnn.
    6. Word-initial sibilant affricates (c, ż, č, j) followed by a stop consonant of the same voicing may take a following liquid or approximant to form a tri-consonantal conjunct. If the affricate is followed by a nasal, that nasal may be followed by whichever approximant(s) (-w or -y) is permitted to follow that nasal in a bi-consonantal conjunct per the rules above.
    7. The word-initial consonant conjuncts fl- and ţl-** may take a following -w or -y to form flw-, ţlw-, fly- and ţly-. Other tri-consonantal conjuncts with initial fricative followed by a liquid consonant must be intervocalic.
    8. Word-initial -xp and -xt may be followed by -l, -r, -w or -y. Word-initial** -xm, and -xn may be followed by -w or -y; word-initial xc and xč may be followed by -w.
    9. [For tri-consonantal conjuncts containing geminates, see Sec. 6 below.]
  4. Tetraconsonantal Form #CCCC-: Word-initial tetra-consonantal conjuncts are limited to the following:
    1. Word-initial tri-consonantal conjuncts which end in a stop consonant may take a following liquid or approximant to form the fourth consonant, e.g., pskw-, gzdr-, kšpl-, bždy-, pstř-, etc.
    2. Word-initial tri-consonantal conjuncts consisting of a sibilant + stop + l may take a following -y, e.g., skly-, zgly-.
    3. [For tetra-consonantal conjuncts containing geminates, see Sec. 6 below.]

4. Permissible Word-Final Consonant Forms

Word-final consonant forms may be from one to four consonants in length and are structured per the following rules (not including rules for geminated forms — see Sec. 6):

  1. -C#: A single word-final consonant following a vowel-form may be any single consonant except -w or -y. The glottal-stop can only appear word-finally in the narrow instance of monosyllabic parsing adjuncts of the form ’V’ (e.g., a’, o’, etc.). (Note: As for words ending in -h, see paragraph 1.6.)
  2. -CC#: Word-final bi-consonantal conjuncts are subject to the following structural rules:
    1. A stop consonant may be followed by any fricative of the same voicing, as long as the rules on prohibited conjuncts from Sec. 2 are not violated, and with regard for the special rule on final -h in paragraph 1.6. A stop consonant cannot be followed by any affricate, nasal, liquid, or approximant in word-final position.
    2. A labial or velar stop consonant may be followed by a dental stop of the same voicing, e.g., -kt, -pt, -bd, -gd.
    3. A sibilant fricative or -ç- may be followed by any stop of the same voicing. A sibilant fricative cannot be followed by any other fricative, affricate, nasal, liquid, or approximant in word-final position.
    4. A sibilant affricate or -ç- may be followed by a dental or velar stop of the same voicing. A sibilant affricate cannot be followed by any other consonant in word-final position.
    5. The fricatives f and v may be followed by a dental or velar stop of the same voicing, or by a sibilant fricative of the same voicing. They cannot be followed by any other consonant in word-final position.
    6. The fricatives ţ, and ḑ may be followed by a dental or velar stop of the same voicing. They cannot be followed by any other consonant in word-final position.
    7. The fricatives ļ and x may be followed by any voiceless stop. They cannot be followed by any other consonant in word-final position.
    8. The nasals m and n may be followed by any stop or fricative as long as the rules on prohibited conjuncts from Sec. 2 above are not violated and with regard for the rule in paragraph 1.6 . They cannot be followed by any other consonant in word-final position.
    9. The nasal ň may be followed by any dental stop or any fricative except x or ļ. It cannot be followed by any other consonant in word-final position.
    10. The liquid -r- may be followed by any consonant except the three not allowed in word-final position ( ’, w, y). If followed by h, see the rule in paragraph 1.6.
    11. The liquid -l- may be followed by any consonant except ’, w, y, r or ň. If followed by h, see the rule in paragraph 1.6.
    12. Any geminated consonant may appear in word-final position except for a geminated stop.
  3. -CCC#: The following tri-consonantal combinations are allowed in word-final position:
Initial Consonant2nd C.3rd Consonant
r ř lpt k f ţ x s š h ļ ç
m ňph ļ ç
s š çpf ţ s š ļ ç
l r řtk f x h ļ ç
ntk f x h
m ň s š çth ļ ç
l r řkt f ţ s š h ç
n f ţ ļkh ç
mkf ţ h ç
s š çkf ţ s š h ç
r řbd g v ḍ z ž
lbv ḍ z ž
r řdb g v
r řgb d v ḍ z ž
lgv ḍ z ž
l r ř m ňft k f s š
p t kfk f
fft k s š
p k r l ř m n ňţt k ţ
ţţt k
r l řxt x
p t f s š n mxx
xxt
p t r ř m n ňļt k ļ
ļ lļt k
r l ř m n ň p k fsp t k f ţ x s
ţsp t k s
ssp t k f ţ x
r l ř m n ň p k fšp t k f ţ x š
ţšp t k š
ššp t k f ţ x
r ř lvv z ž
b g m ňvv
vvz ž
b g r ř l n m ňḍḍ
r ř l n m ňzb d g z
b g vzz
zzb d g
r ř l n m ňžb d g ž
b g vžž
žžb d g
r ř lct k c h
r ř lčt k č h
r ř lżd g ż
r ř ljd g j
r l řmp t k b d f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž m ļ ç
mmp t k b d f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž ļ ç
r řnt k d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž n ļ ç
lnt k d g ţ s š z ž ļ ç
nnt k d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž ļ ç
r řňt d f ţ s š v ḍ z ž ň ç
lňň
ňňt d f ţ s š v ḍ z ž ç
llp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň ç
rrp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l ļ ç
řřp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l ļ ç
p t k m n ň r l řçt k ç
ççt k
  1. -CCCC#: Based on the grammar of the language, the only tetra-consonantal conjuncts which can occur in word-final position are those generated by the Slot VI Ca complex. Those that are phonotactically permissible are as follows:
  • [ l/r/ř ] + [ k/p ] + [ s/š/ţ/ç ] + [ t/k ]
  • [ l/r/ř ] + [ t ] + [ ç ] + [ t/k ]
  • [ l/r/ř ] + [ p ] + [ f ] + [ t/k ]
  • [ l/r/ř ] + [ fs/fš ] + [ t/k ]
  • [ r ] + [ n/ň/m ] + [ s/š/ţ/ç ] + [ t/k ]
  • [ r ] + [ ň/m ] + [ f ] + [ t/k ]

All other Ca forms consisting of a tetra-consonantal conjunct cannot be word-final and must be disyllabic and followed by a vowel.

  1. Penta-consonantal conjuncts in word-final position: Conjuncts comprising five contiguous consonants are not allowed in word-final position except for those penta-consonantal Ca forms that result from gemination of one of the tetra-consonantal Ca consonant conjuncts shown immediately above in Sec. 4.4.

5. Permissible Intervocalic Consonant Conjuncts

Intervocalic consonant forms (i.e., immediately preceded and followed by a vowel-form in the same word) may be from one to six consonants in length and are structured per the following rules (not including rules for geminated forms — see Sec. 6):

  1. -C-: The single voiceless lateral fricative -ļ- is not permitted in intervocalic position (to avoid confusion with the allophonically identical -hl-). by All other single consonants are permitted inter-vocalically, including the glottal-stop and - h-.
  2. -CC-: Any combination of two consonants that is not prohibited by the rules in Sec. 2 is permitted inter-vocalically. Additionally, any consonant can occur in inter-vocalic position as a geminate, except for the three consonants that do not geminate ( ’, w, y).
  3. -CCC-: (See the table in Sec. 9 below.)
  4. -CCCC-: (See the table in Sec. 10 below.)
  5. -CCCCC-: (See the table in Sec. 11 below.)

6. Consonant Conjuncts Containing Geminates

  1. Any single consonant except the glottal stop, -w-, and -y-, may be geminated in intervocalic position.
  2. Any single consonant that may be geminated intervocalically may also be geminated in either word-initial or word-final position except for stops.
  3. Tri-consonantal conjuncts containing a geminated consonant as the first two consonants of the conjunct:
    1. In word-initial position, #C₁C₁C₂-: Any permissible word-initial geminate may be followed by any single consonant as long as the non-geminate form of the first consonant plus the third consonant constitute a permissible word-initial bi-consonantal conjunct.
    2. In intervocalic position, -VC₁C₁C₂V-: A geminated consonant may be followed by any single consonant as long as the non-geminate form of the first consonant plus the third consonant constitute a permissible intervocalic bi-consonantal conjunct.
    3. In word-final position, -C₁C₁C₂#: : A geminated consonant may be followed by any word-final single consonant as long as the non-geminate form of the first consonant plus the third consonant constitute a permissible word-final biconsonantal conjunct and the tri-consonantal conjunct as a whole is listed in the table in Section 4.3.
  4. Tri-consonantal conjuncts containing a geminated consonant as the last two consonants of the conjunct:
    1. In word-initial position, #C₁C₂C₂-: A word-initial single consonant may be followed by any geminate as long as the first consonant plus the non-geminate form of the second consonant constitute a permissible word-initial bi-consonantal conjunct and the tri-consonantal conjunct as a whole is listed in the table in Section 9 below.
    2. In intervocalic position, -VC₁C₂C₂V-: a geminated consonant may be preceded by any single consonant as long as the first consonant plus the non-geminate form of the second consonant constitute a permissible intervocalic bi-consonantal conjunct and the tri-consonantal conjunct as a whole is listed in the table in Section 9 below.
    3. In word-final position, -C₁C₂C₂#: A word-final geminated consonant may be preceded by any single consonant as long as the first consonant plus the non-geminate form of the second consonant constitute a permissible word-final bi-consonantal conjunct and the tri-consonantal conjunct as a whole is listed in the table in paragraph 4.3.
  5. Tetra-consonantal or penta-consonantal conjuncts containing a geminated consonant:
    Only one geminated consonant pair can occur within a single consonant conjunct. Forms containing two geminated pairs such as *nnss or *rrkll are impermissible.
    1. Tetra-consonantal conjuncts containing a geminated consonant as the first two consonants of the conjunct:
      1. In word-initial position, #C₁C₁C₂C₃-: A word-initial geminate may be followed by two additional consonants as long as the non-geminate form of the first consonant plus the second and third consonants together constitute a permissible word-initial tri-consonantal conjunct as per paragraph 3.3 above.
      2. In intervocalic position, -VC₁C₁C₂C₃V-: a geminated consonant may be followed by two additional consonants as long as the non-geminate form of the first consonant plus the second and third consonants constitute a permissible intervocalic tri-consonantal conjunct as listed in the table in Section 9below.
      3. In word-final position, -C₁C₁C₂C₃#: See paragraph 6.5.4 below.
    2. Tetra-consonantal conjuncts containing a geminated consonant as the second and third consonants of the conjunct:
      1. In word-initial position, #C₁C₂C₂C₃-: A word-initial single consonant may be followed by any geminate plus a different consonant in fourth position as long as the following two conditions are met: (1) the non-geminated tri- consonantal form of the conjunct is a permissible word-initial tri-consonantal conjunct per the rules in paragraph 3.3; and (2) the tetra-consonantal conjunct as a whole is listed as a permissible tetra-consonantal conjunct in the table in Sec. 10 below (e.g., the forms *krrw- or *flly- would not be permitted).
      2. In intervocalic position, -VC₁C₂C₂C₃V-: a geminated consonant may be preceded by any single consonant and followed by another single consonant as long as the tetra-consonantal conjunct as a whole is listed as a permissible tetra-consonantal conjunct in the table in Sec. 10 below (e.g., the forms -krrw- or -flly- would not be permitted)
      3. In word-final position, -C₁C₂C₂C₃#: See paragraph 6.5.4 below.
    3. Tetra-consonantal conjuncts containing a geminated consonant as the third and fourth consonants of the conjunct:
      1. In word-initial position, #C₁C₂C₃C₃-: A word-initial single consonant followed by a different consonant may in turn be followed by any geminate as long as the following two conditions are met: (1) the non-geminated tri- consonantal form of the conjunct is a permissible word-initial tri-consonantal conjunct per the rules paragraph 3.3., and (2) the tetra-consonantal conjunct as a whole is listed as a permissible tetra-consonantal conjunct in the table in Sec. 10 below (e.g., the forms *ksff- or *strr- would not be permitted).
      2. In intervocalic position, -VC₁C₂C₃C₃V-: A single consonant followed by a different consonant may in turn be followed by any geminate as long as the tetra-consonantal conjunct as a whole is listed as a permissible tetra- consonantal conjunct in the table in Sec. 10 below (e.g., the forms -ksff- or -strr- would not be permitted).
      3. In word-final position, -C₁C₂C₃C₃#: See paragraph 6.5.4 below.
    4. Word-final tetra-consonantal conjuncts containing a geminated consonant: {#p6_5_4}
      The only tetra-consonantal conjuncts in word-final position that can contain a geminate consonant are those Slot VI tri-consonantal Ca forms that have had one of their consonants geminated per the rules in Sec. 3.6.1 of the Grammar Document. In turn, the tri-consonantal form of the same Ca conjunct (i.e., without the geminate consonant) must be permissible as a word-final conjunct per the table in paragraph 4.3 above.
    5. Penta-consonantal conjuncts containing a geminated consonant:
      Any penta-consonantal conjunct must be permissible per the table in Sec. 11. Furthermore, a penta-consonantal conjunct can only occur in intervocalic position, it cannot occur in word-initial or word-final position (i.e., it must be preceded and followed by a vowel-form).

7. Juncture rules between adjacent words

  1. If any of the prohibited consonant forms described in Sec. 2 occurs across two adjacent words (i.e., the word-final consonant(s) of one word being juxtaposed to the word-initial consonant(s) of a second word)then the words must be separated either by a pause in speech, by inserting a(n epenthetic) vowel at the end of the first word, or modifying the structure of the second word (e.g., by reformatting the Slot structure of a Simple Formative to utilize the Complex Formative structure).
  2. If a word begins or ends with a geminated consonant, the immediately adjacent word cannot end/begin with the same consonant; the triple string of the same consonant must be broken up either by a pause in speech between the two words, by inserting a(n epenthetic) vowel at the end of the first word, or by modifying the structure of the second word (e.g., by reformatting the Slot structure of a Simple Formative to utilize the Complex Formative structure).

8. Permissible Bi-Consonantal Conjuncts Which Can Be Roots or Affixes

Below is a chart showing the 25 permissible mono-consonantal Cr roots and the 679 permissible bi-consonantal conjuncts which can be roots. Following that chart is a list of permissible tri-consonantal intervocalic conjuncts which can be roots along with phonotactic rules for these tri-consonantal conjuncts. Finally, there is a listing of the permissible tetra-consonantal intervocalic conjuncts which can be roots in the language.

Permissible and Impermissible Bi-Consonantal Conjuncts That Can Also Be Cr Roots and Cs Affixes (❌ for impermissible forms)

Initial
Cons.		2nd Consonant
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930Totals
ptkbdgfţçxvḑļsšzžcčżjlrřmnňwyh
1p❌29
2t❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌19
3k❌❌❌27
4b❌❌28
5d❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌18
6g❌❌❌❌26
7f❌29
8ţ❌29
9ç❌❌❌❌❌❌❌23
10x❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌19
11v❌29
12ḑ❌❌❌❌❌25
13ļ❌❌❌❌❌❌❌23
14s❌❌❌❌❌25
15š❌❌❌❌❌❌24
16z❌❌❌❌26
17ž❌❌❌❌❌❌24
18c❌❌❌❌❌❌24
19č❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌22
20ż❌❌❌❌❌❌24
21j❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌22
22l30
23r❌29
24ř❌29
25m30
26n❌❌❌❌❌❌❌23
27ň❌❌❌❌26
682

Twenty-five of the 27 initial consonants shown in the first column of the above table can be a Cr root or Cs affix by themselves; note that Nos. 9 and 13, -ç- and -ļ- by themselves cannot be Cr roots or Cs affixes but can combine with other consonants to form Cr roots and Cs affixes (however, their geminate forms -çç- and -ļļ- are not permitted as roots).

Also: No Cr root or Cs h-, w- or y- affix can begin with h-, w-, or y-; no Cr root or Cs affix can contain a glottal stop.

NOTE

In addition to the values in the above table, the following seven forms are permissible as mono-consonantal or bi-consonantal intervocalic forms in the language, but cannot be a Cr root form or a Cs affix form: -h-, -hl-, -hr-, -hm-, -hn-, -hw-, -hy-.**

9. Permissible Tri-Consonantal Conjuncts Which Can Be Roots or Affixes

(The table is arranged by permitted 2nd/medial consonants; geminates are treated as simply two adjacent consonants)

Initial Consonant2nd Cons.3rd Consonanttotals
r řpp t k d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n l r w y h ļ ř ç56
lpp t k d g f ţ x s š ḍ c č ż j m n l r w y h ļ ř ç25
mpd g m n l r w y h ļ ř ç12
ňpţ l r w y h ļ ř ç9
s š çpf ţ s š l r w y h ļ ř ç36
k t c č g d ż j z žpl r w y h ļ ř ç80
ppf ţ s š v l r w y h ļ ř ç13
f v x ţ ḍpl r w y h ļ ř ç40
ļpl r w y h ļ ř ç8
l r řtp t k b g f x v m n l r w y h ļ ř ç54
ntp k b g f v m n l r w y h ļ ř15
ň s š çtf v m n l r w y h ļ ř ç48
m p k c č ż j z žtf v l r w y h ļ ř ç90
t g btl r w y h ļ ř ç24
f v x ţtl r w y h ļ ř ç32
ļtl r w y h ļ ř ç8
l r řkp t k b d f ţ s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n l r w y h ř ç78
nkp t b d f ţ v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n l r w y h ř ç23
m f v ţ ḍkf ţ v l r w y h ř ç50
p t k b d s š ç c č ż j z žkf ţ s š v m n l r w y h ř ç196
ļkf l r w y h ř ç8
r řbt k b d g f ţ s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j n l r w y h ř48
lbv ḍ z ž n l r w y ř10
ň s š z ž k t c č g d ż j f v x ţ ḍ çbv l r w y ř114
mbl r w y ř5
ļbl r w y ř5
bbv ḍ l r w y ř7
r řdp k b d g f v m n l r w y h ř30
ldv m n l r w y ř8
ndv m l r w y ř7
m ňdv l r w y ř12
s š f v x ţ c č ż j ḍ çdv l r w y ř72
z ždv l r w y ř12
ļdl r w y ř5
p k b gdl r w y ř20
ddv l r w y ř6
r řgp t b d g f ţ s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n l r w y ř48
lgv ḍ m n z ž l r w y ř11
n p t b d f v ţ c č ż j ḍgl r w y ř65
mgv ḍ z ž l r w y ř9
ggv ḍ l r w y ř7
s š z ž çgv ḍ l r w y ř35
ļgl r w y ř5
l r řfp t k b d g f ţ x s š ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř ç87
m ňfp t k b d g f x c č m n ň l r w y h ļ ř40
p t kfp t k b d g f x m n ň l r w y ř48
s š z ž x ţ b d g c č ż j çff m n ň l r w y ř126
ffp t k b d g ţ x s š ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř ç28
ļff l r w y ř6
r l řţp t k b d g f ţ x s š v c č ż j m n ň l r w y h ř75
n ňţp t k b d g f ţ x v c č m n ň l r w y h ř42
mţt k d g f ţ x v c č m n ň l r w y h ř19
s š z ž çţr w10
x b gţl r w y ř15
ţţp t k b d g f x s š v c č ż j m n ň l r w y h ř24
p kţp t k b d g f ţ x s š v c č m n ň l r w y ř44
ļţţ l r w y ř6
r l řxp t b d f ţ x v ḍ c č ż j m n l r w54
n mxp t k b d x v m n l r w24
p t b d c č ẓ j f v ţ ḍ s š z žxx l r m n w96
ļxx w2
xxp t b d f ţ v ḍ c č ż j m n l r w17
r řļp t k b d g f ţ x ļ v ḍ c č ż j m n ň r w ř44
ļ lļp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č ż j m n ň r w ř42
m n ňļp t k b d g f x ļ v m n ň r w ř48
p tļp t k b d g f x ļ v m n ň r w ř32
c č ż j s š z ž f ţ v ḍļļ12
r l ř m n ň p k fsp t k b d g f ţ x s v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ř216
b g vsp t k f ţ x s c č m n ň l r w y ř51
ţsp t k b d g f s v m n ň l r w y h ř18
ssp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř24
r l ř m n ň p k fšp t k b d g f ţ x š v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y h ř207
b g všp t k f ţ x š č w y h l ř39
ţšp t k b d g f š v m n ň l r w y h ř18
ššp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř23
r řvp t k b d g ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř ç58
lvb d g v ḍ z ž ż j m n ň l r w y ř ç18
m ňvv l r w y ř12
p t k d s š z ž ż j çvv l r w y ř66
b gvb d g v m n l r w y ř22
vvp t k b d g ţ x s š ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř ç28
ļvw y2
r řḍp t k b d g f x v ḍ c č ż j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř24
lḍb d g ḍ m n r w y ř10
n m ňḍp t k b d g f x v ḍ m n ň l r w y ř54
p kḍḍ r w y ř10
b gḍp t k b d g ḍ m n l r w y ř28
z žḍḍ r w y ř10
ḍḍp t k b d g f x v c č ż j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř23
ļḍw y2
r ř l n m ňzp t k b d g f ţ x h v ḍ z ż j m n ň l r w y ř138
b g vzp t k b d g v ḍ z ż j m n ň l r w y h ř60
zzp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č ż j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř25
r ř l n m ňžp t k b d g f ţ x h v ḍ ž j m n ň l r w y ř132
b g vžp t k b d g v ḍ ž j m n ň l r w y h ř57
žžp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř23
r ř lcp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř72
ccp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y h ļ ř23
s xcw y h6
r ř lčp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ č m n ň l r w y h ļ ř66
ččp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ m n ň l r w y h ļ ř21
s ščw y h6
r ř lżp t k b d g f ţ x h v ḍ ż č j m n ň l r w y ř69
żżp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ m n ň l r w y ļ ř20
r ř ljp t k b d g f ţ x h v ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř63
jjp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ m n ň l r w y ļ ř20
r l řmp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n l r w y h ļ ř ç87
p t k b d g f v ţ ḍ s š z ž x ļ c č ż j çmw y42
mmp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j n l r w y h ļ ř ç28
r řnt k d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž m n l r w y h ļ ř ç46
lnt d k g ţ ḍ s š z ž l r w y ç15
p t k b d g f v ţ ḍ s š z ž x ļ c č ż j çnw y42
nnt k d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž m l r w y h ļ ř ç22
r řňp t b d f ţ s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w h ļ ř ç52
t l f v ţ ḍ s š z ž ļ c č ż j çňw16
ňňp t b d f ţ s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n l r w h ļ ř ç25
llp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň r w y h ř ç28
r řll w y h ř10
p t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň çll w y69
rrp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l w y h ļ ç28
p t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l ļ çrr25
p t k b d g f ţ xrw y18
řřp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l w y h ļ ç28
p t k b d g f ţ s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l ļ çřř24
p t k b d g c č m n ň ř r lhm n w42
p t k b d g c č m n ň r lhr13
p t k m n ň r l řçp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř ç162
fçp t k m n ç w7
ççp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř17
TOTAL5021

NOTE

In addition to the above-listed forms, the following 8 forms are permissible as tri-consonantal conjuncts in the language but cannot be a CR root form or a CS affix form: -hlw-, -hrw-, -hmw-, -hnw-, -hly-, -hry-, -hmy-, -hny-.

10. Permissible Tetra-Consonantal Conjuncts Which Can Be Roots

1st Consonant2nd Consonant3rd C.4th C.totals
r ř lmpm n l r w y h ļ ř ç30
r řňpţ l r w y ļ ř h ç18
r ř lp k t c č g d ż j z žpf ţ s š l r w y ļ ř h ç396
p t k r ř l ç m n ňçpf ţ l r w y ļ ř h ç100
fçpl r w y ļ ř h ç8
s p k r ř l m n ňs špf ţ s š l r w y ļ ř h ç216
f ţs špf ţ s š l r w y ļ ř h ç48
mz ž f xpf ţ l r w y ļ ř h ç40
nk t z ž xpf ţ l r w y ļ ř h ç50
ňt z ž fpf ţ l r w y ļ ř h ç40
m n ňţpf ţ l s š r w y ļ ř h ç36
r řf v x ţ ḍpl r w y ļ ř h ç80
lf x ţpl r w y ļ ř h ç24
t m n r řļpl r w y ř h ç35
z b g vzpf l r w y ļ ř h ç36
ž b g vžpf l r w y ļ ř h ç36
p kf ţpl r w y ļ ř h ç32
rrpf ţ s š l r w y ļ h ç11
řřpf ţ s š l w y ļ ř h ç11
llpf ţ s š l r w y ļ ř h ç12
mmpţ s š l r w y ļ ř h ç11
ňňpf ţ s š l r w y ļ ř h ç12
r řntp k b g f v m n l r w y h ļ ř ç32
r řňtf v m n l r w y ļ ř h ç24
r ř lmtf v l r w y ļ ř h ç30
p t k r ř l ç m n ňçtf v m n l r w y ļ ř h ç120
fçtl r w y ļ ř h ç8
f ţ s p k r ř l m n ňstf v m n l r w y ļ ř h ç132
f ţ š p k r ř l m n ňštf v m n l r w y ļ ř h ç132
r řp k t c č g b ż j z ž f v x ţtl r w y ļ ř h ç240
lp k t c č z žtl r w y ļ ř h ç56
mz ž p f x ţ mtl r w y ļ ř h ç56
nz ž k x ţ ntl r w y ļ ř h ç48
ňz ž f ţ ňtl r w y ļ ř h ç40
lf x ţtl r w y ļ ř h ç24
p m n r ř ļļtl r w y ř h ç42
tļtr w y ř h ç6
z b g vztf l r w y ļ ř h ç36
ž b g vžtf l r w y ļ ř h ç36
p kf ţtl r w y ļ ř h ç32
rrtp k b g f v l r w y ļ h ç13
řřtp k b g f v l w y ļ ř h ç13
lltk g f v l r w y ļ ř h ç12
mmtk g f v m n l r w y h ļ ř ç14
nntk g f v m n l r w y h ļ ř ç14
ňňtk g f v m n l r w y h ļ ř ç14
r řnkp t b d f ţ v ḍ c č ż j m n l r w y h ř ç42
r ř lp m f v ţkf ţ s š l r w y ř h ç165
n r ř ltkf ţ v l r w y ř h ç40
mf ţ mkf ţ v s š m n l r w y ř h ç42
nţ nkf ţ v s š m n l r w y ř h ç28
ňf ţ ňkf ţ v s š m n l r w y ř h ç42
p t k r ř l ç m n ňçkf ţ v m n l r w y ř h ç120
fçkv l r w y ř h ç8
p k f ţ m n ň r ř ls škf ţ v m n l r w y ř h ç240
r ř lk b d ḍ c č ż j z žkf ţ v l r w y ř h ç300
r ř lp t b dks š24
sskf ţ v m n l r w y ř h ç12
šškf ţ v m n l r w y ř h ç12
z b g m n ň vzkf ţ v m n l r w y ř h ç84
ž b g m n ň vžkf ţ v m n l r w y ř h ç84
t m n r řļkf ţ v m n l r w y ř h ç60
p kf ţkf ţ v m n l r w y ř h ç48
rrkf ţ v ḍ s š m n l r w y h ř ç15
řřkf ţ v ḍ s š m n l r w y h ř ç15
llkf ţ v ḍ s š m n l r w y h ř ç15
mmkf ţ v ḍ s š m n l r w y h ř ç15
nnkf ţ v ḍ m n l r w y h ř ç13
r ř lm s š z ž k t c č ż j f v x ţbl r w y ř225
r řň b g d ḍbl r w y ř50
ms š z ž f v x ţbl r w y ř40
nk t d ḍ s š z ž x ţbl r w y ř50
p kf ţbl r w y ř20
s p k f ţsbl r w y ř25
š p k f ţšbl r w y ř25
z b g vzbv l r w y ř24
ž b g vžbv l r w y ř24
p t k r ř l m n ňçbl r w y ř45
t m n r řļbl r w y ř25
d g vvbl r w y ř15
b gḍbv l r w y ř12
rrbv ḍ l r w y ř7
řřbv ḍ l r w y ř7
llbv ḍ l r w y ř7
mmbḍ l r w y ř6
ňňbv ḍ l r w y ř7
r řndv m l r w y ř14
r řňdv l r w y ř12
r řb gdv l r w y ř24
r ř lm z ž ż jdv l r w y ř90
r ř lp k d s š k c č f v x ţ ḍdl r w y ř195
mp s š f v x ţ z ž ḍdl r w y ř50
nk s š x ţ z ž ḍdl r w y ř40
ňs š f v ţ z ž ḍdl r w y ř40
f p kfdl r w y ř15
ţ p kţdl r w y ř15
s p k f ţsdl r w y ř25
š p k f ţšdl r w y ř25
z b g vzdl r w y ř20
ž b g vždl r w y ř20
p t k r ř l m n ňçdl r w y ř45
t m n r řļdl r w y ř25
b g vvdl r w y ř15
b gḍdv l r w y ř12
rrdv l r w y ř6
řřdv l r w y ř6
lldv l r w y ř6
mmdv l r w y ř6
nndv l r w y ř6
ňňdv l r w y ř6
r ř lmgv ḍ z ž l r w y ř27
r řngl r w y ř10
r ř lp t b d g f v ţ c č ż j ḍ çgl r w y ř210
r ř l m n ňs š z žgv ḍ l m n r w y ř216
mp t f v ţ ḍgl r w y ř30
nt d ţ ḍgl r w y ř20
p kf ţgl r w y ř20
s p k f ţsgl r w y ř25
š p k f ţšgl r w y ř25
z b g vzgv ḍ z ž m n l r w y ř44
ž b g vžgv ḍ ž m n l r w y ř40
t m n r řļgl r w y ř25
p t k r ř l m n ňçgl r w y ř45
b gḍgv l r w y ř12
b d vvgv ḍ l r w y ř21
rrgv ḍ l r w y ř7
řřgv ḍ l r w y ř7
llgv ḍ l r w y ř7
mmgv ḍ l r w y ř7
nngv ḍ l r w y ř7
r ř l nkfp t k b d g f m n ň l r w y ř60
r ř lpft k b d g f m n ň l r w y ř42
r ř l m n ňt ţ s š z ž çfm n ň l r w y ř336
mkfl r w y ř5
r ř l m ňffp t k b d g ţ x s š ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř130
r ř l m nxfl r w y ř25
r ř lb d g c č ż jfm n ň l r w y ř168
s p k f ţsfm n ň l r w y ř40
š p k f ţšfm n ň l r w y ř40
z b g vzfm n ň l r w y ř32
ž b g vžfm n ň l r w y ř32
t m n r řļfl r w y ř25
p k ţţfl r w y ř15
rrfp t k ţ x s š z ž m n ň l r w y ř17
řřfp t k ţ x s š z ž m n ň l r w y ř17
llfp t k ţ x s š z ž m n ň l r w y ř17
mmfp t k ţ x s š z ž m n ň l r w y ř17
ňňfp t k ţ x s š z ž m n ň l r w y ř17
r ř ln ňţp t k b d g f ţ x v c č m n ň l r w y h ř126
r ř lmţt k d g f ţ x v c č m n ň l r w y ř54
r ř lpţt k d g f ţ x v m n ň l r w y ř48
r ř lkţp t k b d g f ţ x v m n ň l r w y ř54
p k r ř l m n ňţţp t k b d g f x s š v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ř184
r ř l nxţl r w y ř20
r ř lb gţl r w y ř30
r ř l m n ňs š z žţr w48
s p k f ţsţr w10
š p k f ţšţr w10
z b g vzţr w8
ž b g vžţr w8
s š z ž m np kţl r w y ř60
rrţp t k x s š v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ř19
řřţp t k x s š v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ř19
llţp t k x s š v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ř19
mmţp t k x s š v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ř19
nnţp t k x s š v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ř19
ňňţp t k x s š v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ř19
r řm nxp t k b d x v m n l r w48
r ř l nxxp t k b d x v m n l r w48
r ř l mp t f v ţ ḍxx m n l r w144
r řb dxx m n l r w24
nţ ḍxx m n l r w12
s p k f r ř l m n ňsxx m n l r w60
š p k f r ř l m n ňxx m n l r w60
z b g v r ř l m n ňzxx m n l r w60
ž b g v r ř l m n ňžxx m n l r w60
p kf ţxx m n l r w24
rrxp t m n l r w7
řřxp t m n l r w7
llxp t m n l r w7
mmxp t m n l r w7
nnxp t m n l r w7
p k f sslw y8
p k f ššlw y8
b g v zzlw y8
b g v žžlw y8
rļļp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č ż j m n ň r w ř21
m n ňļļp t k b d g f x v m n ň r w ř45
r ř l ntļp t k b d g f x v m n ň r w ř60
r ř lc č ż j s š z ž f ţ vļļ33
m n ňs š z ž ţļļ15
m ňfļļ2
r ř lp t mļļ9
r řm n ň p k fsp t k b d g f ţ x s v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ř288
lm p k fsp t k b d g f ţ x s v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ř96
mfsp t k b d g f ţ x s v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ř24
p k r ř l m n ňţsp t k b d g f s v m n ň l r w y h ř144
r řb g vsp t k f ţ x s c č54
p k r ř l m n ňssp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y ļ ř184
rrsp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ř23
řřsp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ř23
llsp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ř23
mmsp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ř23
nnsp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ř23
ňňsp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ c č j m n ň l r w y h ř23
r řm n ň p k fšp t k b d g f ţ x š v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y h ř276
lm p k fšp t k b d g f ţ x š v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y h ř92
mfšp t k b d g f ţ x š v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y h ř23
p k r ř l m n ňţšp t k b d g f š v m n ň l r w y h ř144
r řb g všp t k f ţ x š č w y h l ř78
p k r ř l m n ňššp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y ļ ř176
rršp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
řřšp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
llšp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
mmšp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
nnšp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
ňňšp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ č j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
b g v zzvv l r w y ř24
b g v žžvv l r w y ř24
m n r ř lt k d ţ s š z žvv l r w y ř240
ňt d ţ s š z žvv l r w y ř42
r řm ň gvv l r w y ř36
r ř lm p z ž ż j bvv l r w y ř126
r ř l m ňvvp t k b d g ţ x s š ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř130
p k ţţvv l r w y ř18
p k f m n ňs švv l r w y ř72
r ř m n ňļvw y10
rrvb d g ţ x s š ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř23
řřvb d g ţ x s š ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř23
llvb d g ţ x s š ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř23
mmvb d g ţ x s š ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř23
ňňvb d g ţ x s š ḍ z ž c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř23
r ř lp kḍḍ r w y ř30
r řb g m nḍb d g ḍ m n l r w y ř88
lb g mḍb d g ḍ m n l r w y ř33
r ř l m n ňz žḍḍ r w y ř60
r ř lḍḍp t k b d g f x v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř66
ļ r řļḍw y6
rrḍp t k b d g f x v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
řřḍp t k b d g f x v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
llḍp t k b d g f x v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
mmḍp t k b d g f x v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
nnḍp t k b d g f x v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
ňňḍp t k b d g f x v c č ż j m n ň l r w y ļ ř22
r řn ňzp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ z j m n ň l r w y ř84
r ř lmzp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ z j m n ň l r w y ř63
r ř lb g vzb d g v ḍ z j m n ň l r w y h ř144
r ř l m n ňzzp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ j m n ň l r w y ļ ř126
b gzzp t k b d g v x ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř36
rrzp t k b d g v x ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
řřzp t k b d g v x ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
llzp t k b d g v x ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
mmzp t k b d g v x ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
nnzp t k b d g v x ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
ňňzp t k b d g v x ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
r řn ňžp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ ž j m n ň l r w y ř84
r ř lmžp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ ž j m n ň l r w y ř63
r řb gžb d g v ḍ ž j m n ň l r w y h ř64
r ř lvžb d g v ḍ ž j m n ň l r w y h ř48
r ř l m n ňžžp t k b d g f ţ x v ḍ j m n ň l r w y ļ ř126
b gžžp t k b d g x v ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř36
rržp t k b d g x v ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
řřžp t k b d g x v ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
llžp t k b d g x v ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
mmžp t k b d g x v ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
nnžp t k b d g x v ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
ňňžp t k b d g x v ḍ j m n ň l r w y ř18
p t k r ř l ç m n ňçcm n ň h l r ř w y90
p t k r ř l m n ňţcm n ň w y45
m n ň ļļcm n ň w y20
rrcm n ň h l r ř w y9
řřcm n ň h l r ř w y9
llcm n ň h l r ř w y9
mmcm n ň h l r ř w y9
ňňcm n ň h l r ř w y9
p t k r ř l ç m n ňçčm n ň h l r ř w y90
p t k r ř l m n ňţčm n ň w y45
m n ň ļļčm n ň w y20
rrčm n ň h l r ř w y9
řřčm n ň h l r ř w y9
llčm n ň h l r ř w y9
mmčm n ň h l r ř w y9
ňňčm n ň h l r ř w y9
rrẓm n ň l r ř w y8
řřẓm n ň l r ř w y8
llẓm n ň l r ř w y8
rrjm n ň l r ř w y8
řřjm n ň l r ř w y8
lljm n ň l r ř w y8
r ř lmmp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j n l r w y h ļ ř ç84
r řp t k b d g f v ţ ḍ s š z ž x ļ c č ż j çml r ř w y210
lp t k f ţ s š z ž x ļ c č ż j çml r ř w y80
mf v ţ ḍ s š z ž x ļ çml r ř w y55
nt k d ţ ḍ s š z ž x ļ çml r ř w y60
ňt d ţ ḍ s š z ž ļ çml r ř w y50
s p k f ţsml r ř w y25
š p k f ţšml r ř w y25
z b g vzml r ř w y20
ž b g vžml r ř w y20
p t k ççml r ř w y20
p k ţţml r ř w y15
ç s š ftmw y8
ç s škmw y6
p t ļļmw y6
rrmp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j n l r w y h ļ ř27
řřmp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j n l r w y h ļ ř27
llmp t k b d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j n l r w y h ļ ř27
r ř lnnt k d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž m l r w y h ļ ř ç66
r řp t k b d g f v ţ ḍ s š z ž x ļ c č ż j çnw y84
lp t k f ţ s š z ž x ļ c č ż j çnw y32
mf v ţ s š z ž x ļ çnw y20
nt k d ţ ḍ s š z ž x ļ çnw y24
ňt ţ ḍ s š z ž ļ çnw y18
s p k f ţsnw y10
š p k f ţšnw y10
z b g vznw y8
ž b g vžnw y8
ç s š ftnw y8
ç s šknw y6
p t k m n ň r ř l ççnw y20
p t m n ň r řļnw y14
p k ţţnw y6
rrnt k d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž m l r w y h ļ ř21
řřnt k d g f ţ x s š v ḍ z ž m l r w y h ļ ř21
llnl r w y ļ ř6
r řňňp t b d f ţ s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n l r w h ļ ř48
s r ř lsňw4
š r ř lšňw4
z r ř lzňw4
ž r ř lžňw4
p t k m n ň r ř l ççňw10
p k mfňw3
p k nţňw3
p t m n ň r řļňw7
p k ţţňw3
rrňp t b d f ţ s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n l r w h ļ ř24
řřňp t b d f ţ s š v ḍ z ž c č ż j m n l r w h ļ ř24
llňw1
r ř l mp t k c čhw20
nt khw2
ňp t c čhw4
r ř lm n ňhw r18
rl rhm n w6
llhm n w3
řřhm n w3
mmhw1
nnhw1
ňňhw1
r řp t k m n ňçp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř ç216
lp t k mçp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř ç72
m n ň l r řççp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř102
m l r řfçp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř ç72
rrçp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř17
řřçp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř17
llçp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř17
mmçp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř17
nnçp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř17
ňňçp t k b d g f v c č m n ň l r w ř17
TOTAL15166

11. Permissible Penta-Consonantal Conjuncts Which Can Be Roots

1st C.2nd C.3rd C.4th C.5th C.Totals
l r řp k f ţs šp t k b d gl r ř w y720
l r řp k f ţs šp t kţ ç h216
l r řp k f ţs šb gḑ v96
l r řp k fs šm nw y72
l r řp k fs šňw18
l r řp kf ţp t k b d gl r ř w y360
l r řp kf ţp t kh36
l r řp k fs šf ţl r ř w y180
l r m n ňs š çp kfl r ř w y150
l r řms š z ž çţ fl r ř w y150
l r řms š z ž ţ f çp t k b d gl r ř w y630
l r řms š z ž ţ f çp t kh f126
l r řms š z ž çp kţ30
lms š z ž çp tļ10
l r řp tļp t k b d gl r ř w y180
l r řp tļp t kh18
l r řp t kçp t k b d g fl r ř w y315
l r řp t kçp t kh27
l r řvz žp t k b d gl r ř w y180
l r řvz žp t kh18
l r řvz žp kţ f24
r řn ňs š z ž ţ çp t k b d gl r ř w y720
r řn ňs š z ž ţ çp t kh72
r řňfp t k b d gl r ř w y60
r řňfp t kh6
r řn ňs š z ž çp kţ f80
r řm n ňs š z ž çp tļ60
r řn ňs š z ž çţ fl r ř w y200
r řn ňḑb gl r ř w y40
r řntp kl r ř h w y24
r řnkp tl r ř h w y24
p k f m n ň l r řssp t k fl r ř h w y216
p k f m n ň l r řssm nw y36
p k f m n ň l r řssňw9
p k f m n ň l r řššp t k fl r ř h w y216
p k f m n ň l r řššm nw y36
p k f m n ň l r řššňw9
p ts š çp t khw18
p kţp t khw6
l r řp k mssp t k m n ň l r ř w y99
r řn ňssp t k m n ň l r ř w y44
l r řp k mššp t k m n ň l r ř w y99
r řn ňššp t k m n ň l r ř w y44
l r řţ fp kss12
l r řm nkss6
l r řţ fp kšš12
l r řm nkšš6
p k m n ň l r řççp t kl r ř h w y144
p k m n ň l r řççm nw y32
l r řp t k mççp t k m n ň l r ř w120
r řn ňççp t k m n ň l r ř w40
l r řţp kçç6
l r řfp t kçç9
l r řm nt kçç12
mms š ç f ţ z ž v ḑp t kl r ř h w y162
nns š ç ţ z ž ḑp t kl r ř h w y126
ňňs š ç f ţ z ž v ḑp t kl r ř h w y162
mms š ç f ţ z ž v ḑb d gl r ř w y135
nns š ç ţ z ž ḑb d gl r ř w y105
ňňs š ç f ţ z ž v ḑb d gl r ř w y135
mms š z žvl r ř w y20
nns š z žvl r ř w y20
ňňs š z žvl r ř w y20
l r řmmks š ç l r ř h w y27
l r řmmp tļ l r ř h w y42
l r řmms š ç f ţp t k l r ř w y120
l r řmms š ç f ţm n ň x60
l r řmms š çf ţ v27
l r řmmfţ3
l r řnnkl r ř h w y18
l r řnntļ l r ř h w y21
l r řnns š ç ţp t k l r ř w y96
l r řnns š ç ţm n ň f v x72
l r řnns š çţ9
l r řňňp tļ l r ř h w y42
l r řňňs š ç f ţp t k l r ř w y120
l r řňňs š ç f ţm n ň x60
l r řňňs š çf ţ v27
l r řňňfţ3
lls š ç f ţp t kļ l r ř h w y105
lls š ç f ţkl r ř h w y30
lls š ç f ţm nw y20
lls š ç f ţňw5
lls š ç f ţb d gl r ř w y75
llms š ç f ţp t k b d g l r ř w y55
llms š çf ţ v9
rrs š ç f ţp t kļ l r ř h w y105
rrs š ç f ţkl r ř h w y30
rrs š ç f ţm n ňw y30
rrm n ňs š ç f ţp t k b d g l r ř w y165
rrm n ňs š çf ţ v27
řřs š ç f ţp t kļ l r ř h w y105
řřs š ç f ţkl r ř h w y30
řřs š ç f ţm n ňw y30
řřm n ňs š ç f ţp t k b d g l r ř w y165
řřm n ňs š çf ţ v27
l r řb g vz žp t k b d gl r ř w y540
l r řb g vz žp t kh54
l r řb gv ḑb d gl r ř w y180
l r řb g vz žvl r ř w y90
l r řm n ňz žb gv ḑ72
l r řm n ňz ždv18
l r řm ňvb d gl r ř w y90
l r řnḑb d gl r ř w y45
b g v m n ň l r řzzp t kl r ř h w y162
b g v m n ň l r řzzb d g f vl r ř w y225
b g v m n ň l r řzzm nw y36
b g v m n ň l r řzzňw9
b g v m n ň l r řžžp t kl r ř h w y162
b g v m n ň l r řžžb d g f vl r ř w y225
b g v m n ň l r řžžm nw y36
b g v m n ň l r řžžňw9
l r řb g mzzp t k b d g m n ň l r ř w y126
r řn ňzzp t k b d g m n ň l r ř w y56
l r řb g mžžp t k b d g m n ň l r ř w y126
r řn ňžžp t k b d g m n ň l r ř w y56
l r řmmb gz ž l r ř w y42
l r řmmz ž v ḑp t k b d g l r ř w y132
l r řmmz žm n ň x f ţ v ḑ48
l r řmmvm n ň x ţ ḑ18
l r řmmḑm n ň9
l r řnngl r ř w y15
l r řnnz ž v ḑp t k b d g l r ř w y132
l r řnnz žm n ň x f ţ v ḑ48
l r řnnḑm n ň9
l r řňňb dl r ř w y30
l r řňňz ž v ḑp t k b d g l r ř w y132
l r řňňz žm n ň x f ţ v ḑ48
l r řňňvm n ň x ţ ḑ18
l r řňňḑm n ň9
llz ž v ḑp t kļ l r ř h w y84
llz ž v ḑkl r ř h w y24
llz ž v ḑm nw y16
llz ž v ḑňw4
llz ž v ḑb d gl r ř w y60
llmz ž v ḑp t k b d g l r ř w y44
llmz žf ţ v ḑ8
rrz ž v ḑp t kļ l r ř h w y84
rrz ž v ḑkl r ř h w y24
rrz ž v ḑm nw y16
rrz ž v ḑňw4
rrz ž v ḑb d gl r ř w y60
rrmz ž v ḑp t k b d g l r ř w y44
rrmz žf ţ v ḑ8
řřz ž v ḑp t kļ l r ř h w y84
řřz ž v ḑkl r ř h w y24
řřz ž v ḑm nw y16
řřz ž v ḑňw4
řřz ž v ḑb d gl r ř w y60
řřmz ž v ḑp t k b d g l r ř w y44
řřmz žf ţ v ḑ8
TOTAL12445

Original

Yuorb: Yuorb : L’organisation non officielle visant à fournir le service S·T·I (Signification, Traduction, ou Interprétation) pour Nouvel Ithkuil.
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